5-1.Binding的方向、数据更新和Path Binding可以看做是数据源和目标对象之间的桥梁,源为逻辑层的对象,目标对象则是UI层的控件对象。
基础 创建数据源对象类
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 class Student { private string name; public string Name { get {return name;} set {name = value ;} } }
如果想让Name属性通过Binging送达到UI上,则要设置Binging的Path为Nmae。
不光如此,如果属性值发生变化后,属性要有能力通知Binging,可以在属性的set方法中出发一个PropertyChanged事件,即继承INotifyPropertyChanged接口。当数据源变化后,Binding会自动监听来自这个接口的PropertyChanged事件。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 public class Student :INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private string name; public string Name { get { return name; } set { name = value ; if (PropertyChanged!=null ) { PropertyChanged.Invoke(this , new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Name" )); } } } }
案例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 <Window x:Class ="WpfApp1.MainWindow" xmlns ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc ="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local ="clr-namespace:WpfApp1" mc:Ignorable ="d" Title ="MainWindow" Height ="240" Width ="400" > <StackPanel > <TextBox x:Name ="txtBoxName" /> <Button Content ="Add age" Click ="Button_Click" /> </StackPanel > </Window >
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 public partial class MainWindow : Window { Student stu; public MainWindow () { InitializeComponent(); stu = new Student(); Binding binding = new Binding(); binding.Source = stu; binding.Path = new PropertyPath("Name" ); BindingOperations.SetBinding(this .txtBoxName, TextBox.TextProperty, binding); this .txtBoxName.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, new Binding("Name" ) { Source = stu = new Student() }); } private void Button_Click (object sender, RoutedEventArgs e ) { stu.Name += "k" ; } }
Binding的源和路径 标记扩展 1 2 3 4 <StackPanel> <TextBox x:Name="txtBox1" Text="{Binding Path=Value, ElementName=slider1}" /> <Slider x:Name="slider1" SmallChange="1" /> </StackPanel>
一般会疑问,Text的类型是String,为什么给他赋值了一个Binding类型的值,其实可以吧标记扩展想象为一个具有返回值的函数。
Binding的方向和数据更新时机 Binding如果数据仅在UI控件上展示,不许修改则是从源到目标的单向通道。Binding还支持从目标到源的单向沟通以及只读一次数据等操作。
流向
BindingMode
TwoWay OneWay OnTime OneWayToSource Default(根据实际情况自动选择,如TextBox.Text为双向,TextBlock.Text为单向) 更新时机
UpdateSourceTrigger
PropertyChanged LostFocus Explicit Default Binding还具有NotifyOnSourceUpdated和NotifyOnTargetUpdate两个bool类型的属性,true会激发相应的SourceUpdated或者TargetUpdate事件。
Binding的Path Path决定了把源的哪个属性暴露给Binding。
Path可以使用多级路径,即一路点下去,如让一个TextBox显示另一个TextBox的文本长度Text="{Binding Path=Text.Length ElementName=textBox1}"
Path可以使用索引器。如让一个TextBox显示两一个TextBox文本的第四个字符Text="{Binding Path=Text.[3] ElementName=textBox1}"
,中间的.可以省略。 当使用一个集合或者DataView作为源时,如果想把默认元素作为Path 1 2 3 4 List<string > stringList = new List<string >(){"Tim" ,"Tom" ,"Blog" }; this .txt1.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty,new Binding("/" )){Source = stringList};this .txt2.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty,new Binding("/Length" )){Source = stringList};this .txt3.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty,new Binding("/[2]" )){Source = stringList};
如果属性仍然是集合,可以一路/下去
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 class City { public string Name{set ;get ;}}class Provice {public string Name{set ;get ;} pulbic List<City> cityList{set ;get ;}}class Country {public string Name{set ;get ;} pulbic List<Provice> proviceList{set ;get ;}}List<Country> CountryList = new List<Country>(){...} this .txt1.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty,new Binding("/Name" )){Source = CountryList};this .txt1.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty,new Binding("/provice/Name" )){Source = CountryList};this .txt1.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty,new Binding("/proviceList/cityList/Name" )){Source = CountryList};
没有Path 如果数据源本身就是数据且不需要Path来指明,如string,则可以将Path设置为“.”或者不写。在XAML中可以不写,但在C#中必须写”.”
Text ="{Binding Path=.,Soruce={StaticResource ResourceKey=myString}}"
或者Text ="{Binding .,Soruce={StaticResource ResourceKey=myString}}"
或者Text ="{Binding Soruce={StaticResource ResourceKey=myString}}"
C#的方式this.txt.SetBinding(TextBlock.TextProperty,new Binding("."){Source=myString})